What system was primarily established under Title XVII and Title XIX of the Social Security Act?

The system established under Title XVII and Title XIX of the Social Security Act is Medicare and Medicaid. Title XVII specifically authorizes the Medicare program, which provides health insurance primarily for individuals aged 65 and older, although it also covers certain younger people with disabilities and those with End-Stage Renal Disease. Title XIX, on the other hand, set up the Medicaid program, which offers health coverage to low-income individuals and families, ensuring access to essential medical services.

These two titles were pivotal in expanding access to health care for different populations in the United States, with Medicare focusing on the elderly and disabled, while Medicaid targeted low-income groups, including children and persons with disabilities. Together, they form a significant part of the American health care safety net, illustrating the government's commitment to providing health services to its citizens based on age and economic status.