What defines a systematic review in public health?

A systematic review in public health is defined as a rigorous evaluation that synthesizes evidence on a specific question. This type of review systematically collects and critically appraises research studies related to a particular health issue, allowing for a comprehensive overview of all available evidence. By following a structured methodology, systematic reviews aim to reduce bias and provide more reliable conclusions that can inform public health decisions and practices.

The process involves defining clear research questions, using systematic methodologies for literature searches, and applying eligibility criteria for studies, which all contribute to the quality and reliability of the outcomes. This thorough approach sets systematic reviews apart from informal summaries, single-study conclusions, or opinion surveys, which do not provide the same level of comprehensive evidence synthesis.